Enhancing Classification Efficiency Using the J48 Decision Tree Algorithm

Abstract

The J48 decision tree algorithm, derived from the C4.5 methodology, is a powerful and widely used tool for classification tasks due to its efficiency and interpretability. This algorithm employs a systematic approach to analyze datasets, beginning with preprocessing steps to address missing values and discretize continuous attributes when necessary. By leveraging Entropy to measure data uncertainty and Information Gain to evaluate attribute significance, J48 recursively splits datasets into subsets, creating decision nodes and leaf nodes for effective classification. The algorithm continues this process until all data is classified or specified stopping criteria are met, such as a minimum number of instances per leaf. To enhance model simplicity and prevent overfitting, J48 incorporates pruning techniques that replace less informative branches with leaf nodes, improving generalization. Its ability to handle mixed data types, work efficiently with large datasets, and generate interpretable decision trees makes J48 a versatile and robust tool for diverse classification applications. This paper discusses the methodology, advantages, and practical applications of the J48 algorithm in enhancing classification efficiency across various domains.