Ecological Concerns in Tagore’s Literary Realm

Abstract

Rabindranath Tagore, one of India’s foremost literary figures, envisioned an intrinsic and sacred relationship between human beings and nature, long before ecological awareness became a global concern. This paper explores Tagore’s profound ecological consciousness as reflected in his poems, plays, essays, and stories. At a time when economic development often leads to environmental degradation, Tagore’s writings offer a spiritual and philosophical counterpoint that emphasizes harmony, sustainability, and reverence for the natural world. Through a close reading of his works such as Gitanjali, The Gardener, Fruit Gathering, Raktakarabi, and The Waterfall, this study illustrates how Tagore criticized human greed, consumerism, and the destruction of nature. His concept of “spiritual ecology” highlights the interconnectedness of all living beings and advocates a non-violent, ethical engagement with the environment. The paper also examines Tagore’s insights on rural development, agriculture, and technology within ecological parameters. Tagore’s vision remains deeply relevant today, reminding humanity of its responsibility towards nature and the urgent need for ecological balance in an age of climate crisis and unchecked industrial expansion.