Historical Evolution And Cultural Identity Of The Mankirdias Tribe: A Socio-Anthropological Study

Abstract

This present study attempts to explore the history, socio-cultural characteristics and the cultural identity of the Mankirdias tribe from a socio-anthropological perspective. The Mankirdias are a PVTG in Odisha and have a unique cultural heritage characterized by forest culture, occupations, belief systems and social practices. The tribe relies on the environment for survival, making use of the forests and the animals, with particular focus on monkey catching, hunting, gathering, and rope making, which has led to a distinctive social structure and cultural identity. The study explores their history, social structure, kinship system, marriage practices, language, traditional stories, beliefs, music, dance, economy and traditional lifestyle. It also delves into the effects of modernization, migration, deforestation, educational backwardness, health problems, and social isolation on the tribal community. It shows that while modernization has opened up avenues for education, employment, and social mobility, it has also led to a decrease in traditional professions and a decline in indigenous knowledge systems, and loss of cultural identity. However, the Mankirdias have been able to maintain an important part of their traditions, rituals, and community values. The study highlights the importance of sustainable development policies, cultural preservation efforts, educational inclusion, healthcare enhancement, and the protection of tribal rights, all of which contribute to the socio-economic development and cultural sustainability of the Mankirdias tribe.